Color codes, E-series, capacitor values & more
| Color | Swatch | Digit | Multiplier | Tolerance |
|---|
12 values per decade
24 values per decade
96 values per decade
| Value | Common Use | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 10 Ω | Current sensing, inrush limiting | 0.25W at 1.5A |
| 33 Ω | USB D+/D- termination | USB 2.0 spec |
| 100 Ω | Transmission line termination | RS-485 line end |
| 330 Ω | LED current limiter (5V) | ~15mA with Vf=2V |
| 470 Ω | LED current limiter | Standard 5V LED resistor |
| 1 kΩ | Transistor base, LED series | Very common |
| 4.7 kΩ | I²C pull-up (3.3V fast) | I²C spec 400kHz |
| 10 kΩ | MCU pull-up/pull-down | Most common MCU value |
| 47 kΩ | Op-amp feedback, bias | High-Z input bias |
| 100 kΩ | ADC input divider, bias | Low current draw |
| 1 MΩ | Discharge bleed, gate bias | High impedance |
| Value | Type | Common Use |
|---|---|---|
| 10 pF | Ceramic | Crystal load caps, RF tuning |
| 22 pF | Ceramic | Crystal oscillator load |
| 100 pF | Ceramic | RF bypass, high-freq filtering |
| 1 nF | Ceramic | EMI filtering, snubber |
| 10 nF | Ceramic | General bypass, RC filter |
| 100 nF (0.1µF) | Ceramic | IC decoupling — most common! |
| 1 µF | Ceramic/Tantalum | Power supply decoupling |
| 10 µF | Electrolytic/Tantalum | Bulk decoupling, audio coupling |
| 100 µF | Electrolytic | Power rail bulk cap |
| 1000 µF | Electrolytic | PSU filter, motor drive |